Database of properties for steel and alloy materials worldwide.

 
Showing posts with label Useful Links. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Useful Links. Show all posts

Hardness Conversion Table

http://www.carbidedepot.com/formulas-hardness.htm

http://www.corrosionsource.com/handbook/mat_hard.htm

http://www.gordonengland.co.uk/hardness/hardness_conversion_1c.htm

http://www2.mtec.or.th/th/research/famd/lcenter/mat_hard.html


The Brinell Hardness Test

The Brinell hardness test method consists of indenting the test material with a 10 mm diameter hardened steel or carbide ball subjected to a load of 3000 kg. For softer materials the load can be reduced to 1500 kg or 500 kg to avoid excessive indentation. The full load is normally applied for 10 to 15 seconds in the case of iron and steel and for at least 30 seconds in the case of other metals. The diameter of the indentation left in the test material is measured with a low powered microscope. The Brinell harness number is calculated by dividing the load applied by the surface area of the indentation.




The diameter of the impression is the average of two readings at right angles and the use of a Brinell hardness number table can simplify the determination of the Brinell hardness. A well structured Brinell hardness number reveals the test conditions, and looks like this, "75 HB 10/500/30" which means that a Brinell Hardness of 75 was obtained using a 10mm diameter hardened steel with a 500 kilogram load applied for a period of 30 seconds. On tests of extremely hard metals a tungsten carbide ball is substituted for the steel ball. Compared to the other hardness test methods, the Brinell ball makes the deepest and widest indentation, so the test averages the hardness over a wider amount of material, which will more accurately account for multiple grain structures and any irregularities in the uniformity of the material. This method is the best for achieving the bulk or macro-hardness of a material, particularly those materials with heterogeneous structures.

Steel Standards in Detail

Links to Steel Mill

Africa and Middle East
Columbus Stainless
Highveld Steel & Vanadium Corp Ltd
Iscor Ltd
Saldanha Steel
United Gulf Steel Mill Ltd



Asia (Southwest) and Australia
Aichi Steel Works Ltd
Antara Steel Mills Sdn Bhd
Bangkok Steel Industry Co. Ltd (Public)
Essar Steel Ltd
Malayawata Steel Bhd
Mukand Ltd
Natsteel Ltd
Perwaja Tengganu Sdn Bhd
P.T. Gunung Garuda
P.T. Krakatau Steel
Siam Yamato Steel Co. Ltd
Smorgon Steel Group Ltd
Southern Steel Group of Companies
Steel Asia
Steel Authority of India (SAIL)
Tata Iron & Steel Co. Ltd
Thai Special Steel Industry
The Broken Hill Pty Co. Ltd (BHP)
The Siam Iron & Steel Co.Ltd
Visakhapatnam Steel Plant Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd



China
Angang New Steel Company Limited
Anshan Iron & Steel Group Corp.
Anyang Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd.
Baotou Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd.
Beitai Iron & Steel Group
Benxi Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd.
Chang Mien Industries Co. Ltd.
Chang Zhi Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd.
Changshu Steel Rolling Mill
Chien Hsing Stainless Steel Co. Ltd.
China Steel Corp (CSC)
Chongqing Iron & Steel (Group) Ltd.
Dalian Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd.
Dalian POSCO-CFM Coated Steel Co. Ltd.
Daye Steel Group Corp.
Feng Hsin Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Fujian Sangang (Group) Co. Ltd.
Fushun Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Guangxi Liuzhou Iron & Steel (Group) Co. of China
Guangzhou Iron & Steel Group
HanDan Iron & Steel Group
Hanzhou Iron & Steel Group Corporation
Hebei Special Steel Plant
Hengyang Steel Tube Group Corporation
Henan Jiyuan Iron Co.
Hunan Valin Steel Group

Jiangsu Lianfeng Steel Co. Ltd.
Jiangsu Huaigang Group
Jiangsu Jiangyan Shi Gangtie Chang (Jiang Yan Shi Rolling Mill)
Jiangsu Ruihua Steel Group
Jiangsu Suzhou Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd.
Jiangsu Shagang Group
Jiangsu Xixing Iron & Steel Joint Co.
Jiangsu Xuelang Steel Corp.
Jiangyin Xingcheng Steel Works Co. Ltd.
JiNan Iron & Steel Group Corporation
Jiuquan Iron & Steel (Group) Co.
Kao Hsing Chang Iron & Steel Corp
Kuei Yi Industrial Co. Ltd.
Kuming Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd.
Lanzhou Iron & Steel Group Co.
Laiwu Steel Group Ltd.
Ling Yuan Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd.
Lianyuan Iron And Steel Group Co. Ltd.
Liuzhou Iron & Steel Co.
Maanshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Nanjing Iron & Steel Works
Panzhihua Iron & Steel (Group) Co.
Panggang Group Chengdu Seamless Steel Tube Co. Ltd.
Pingxiang Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Qingdao Iron & Steel Group Co.
Qinhuangdao Shougang Plate Mill Co. Ltd.
Ornatube Enterprise Co. Ltd
Shandong Taishan Steel Co. Ltd.
Shanghai Baosteel Group Corporation
Shanghai Ergang Co. Ltd.
Shanghai No. 5 Steel (Group) Co. Ltd.
Shanghai Pudong Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Shaogang Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Sheng Yu Steel Co., Ltd.
Shijiazhuang Iron & Steel Holdings Ltd.
Shougang Group
Shougang Hongye Steel Plant
Sino Master Steel Group
Tang Eng Stainless Steel Plant
Tai Yuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd.
Tangshan Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd.
Tianjin Pipe Company, Ltd
Ton Yi Industrial Corporation
Tung Ho Steel Enterprise Corp.
Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corp.
Wuxi Asia United Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Wuyang Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Xingtai Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Xiangtan Iron & Steel Group Co. Ltd.
Xinjiang Bayi Iron & Steel (Group) Co. Ltd.
Xinxing Ductile Iron Pipes Co., Ltd
Xinyu Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Xuzhou Iron & Steel General Plant
Yieh Loong Group
Yieh Phui Enterprise Co. Ltd.

Yieh United Steel Corp.
Yufeng Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.
Zhangqiu City Special Steel Plant

Zhejiang Fonye Group Corp.
Zhongda Group



CIS
Alchevsk Iron & Steel Works
Azovstal Iron & Steel Works
Chelyabinsk Integrated Iron & Steel Works (MECHEL)
Dnepropetrovsk Iron & Steel Works
Dneprospetsstal Joint Stock Company
Dneprovsky Iron & Steel Integrated Works
Donetsk Iron & Steel Works
Krivoy Rog Iron & Steel Works
Kuznetsk Steel Works
Ilyich Iron & Steel Works
Ispat Karmet
Magnitogorsk Iron & Steel Works (MMK)
Moldavian Steel Works
Nizhny Tagil Iron & Steel Works
Novolipetsk Iron & Steel Corp
Orsk-Khalilov Integrated Iron-Steel Works (NOSTA)
Pervouralski Novotrubny Works
Seversky Tube Works
Sinarsky Pipe Plant
Taganrog Metallurgical Works
West Siberian Steel Corp (ZAPSIB)
Zaporizhstal Joint Stock Company
Zlatoust Steel Works



Europe
Aceralia Corporacion Siderugica
Alfa Acciai s.p.a.
Arbed S.A.
Asil Celik Sanayi ve Ticaret AS
ASW Sheerness Steel Co. Ltd
British Steel Corp PLC
Cia Espanola de Laminacion S.A. (CELSA)
Corus Group PLC
Cockerill Sambre Groupe Usinor
Dunaferr Group
Ekinciler Demir ve Celik San AS
Eregli Demir ve Celik Fabrikalari TAS (Erdemir)
Fundia AB
Gruppo Riva SpA
Huta Katowice S.A.
Icdas Celik Enerji Tersanc ve Ulasim San A.S.
Ispat International N.V.
Kardemir A.S.
Koninklijke Hoogoven N.V.
Lucchini Group
Marcial Ucin SA
Nervacero SA
Nova Hut a.s.
Outokumpu Steel
Rautaruukki Steel
Saarstahl AG
Salzgitter AG
Sidex SA Galati
Slovenske Zelezarne d.d. Ljubijana
Sollac Groupe Usinor
Swedish Steel AB
Thyssen-Krupp AG
Trinec Iron & Steel Works (Trinecke Zelezarny)
Ugine Groupe Usinor
Usinor
Voest Alpine Stahl AG
VSZ a.s. Kosice



Japan
Aichi Steel
Daido Steel
Kawasaki Steel Corp
Kobe Steel Ltd
Nisshin Steel co. Ltd
NKK Corp
Nippon Steel Corp (NSC)
Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
Tokyo Steel Manufacturing Co. Ltd



Korea
Dongbu Steel Co. Ltd
Dongkuk Steel Mill Co. Ltd
Hyundai Pipe Co. Ltd
Inchon Iron & Steel Co. Ltd
Pohang Iron & Steel Co. Ltd (POSCO)
Union Steel manufacturing Co.Ltd



North America
AK Steel
Algoma Steel Inc
Allegheny Ludlum Corp
Altos Hornos de Mexico SA de CV (AHMSA)
Ameristeel
Auburn Steel Company, Inc.
Bethlehem Steel Corp
Birmingham Steel Corp
Chaparral Steel Co
Carpenter Technology Corp
Dofasco Inc
Grupo Imsa
Hylsa SA de CV
International Piping Services Co (IPSCO)
Ispat Inland
J&L Specialty Steel Inc
LTV Steel Co. Inc
National Steel Corp
Nucor Corp
Oregon Steel Mills Inc
Rouge Industries, Inc
Sheffield Steel Corp
Sidrurgica Lazaro CardenasLas Truches SA de CV (SICARTSA)
Stelco Inc
U.S. Steel Corp (USX)
Weirton Steel Corp
Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corp
WCI Steel Inc



South and Central America
Acindar Industria Argentina de Aceros SA
Aco Minas Gerais SA (ACOMINAS)
Cia Acos Especiais Itabira (ACESITA)
Cia Siderurgica Belgo Mineira
Cia Siderurgica de Tubarao (CST)
Cia Siderurgica Paulista (COSIPA)
Cia Siderurgica Nacional (CSN)
Companhia Siderurgica Tubarao
CVG Siderurgica del Orinoco (SIDOR)
Gerdau Group
Siderar SAIC
Siderurgica del Turbio SA (SIDETUR)
Siderurgica Venezolan Sivensa
Usinas Siderurgicas de Minas Gerais S.A. (USIMINAS)

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